Habka nadiifinta iyo nadiifinta arsenic

Nidaamka nadiifinta arsenic iyo habka nadiifinta waa hab isticmaala farqiga u dhexeeya isbeddelka arsenic iyo xeryahooda si loo kala saaro oo loo nadiifiyo, gaar ahaan ku habboon in laga saaro sulfur, selenium, tellurium iyo waxyaalaha kale ee wasakhda ah ee arsenic.Waa kuwan tillaabooyinka iyo tixgelinta muhiimka ah:

1.Kahor daawayn alaabta ceeriin

• Ilaha arsenic cayriinSida caadiga ah sida wax soo saarka ee dhalaalidda macdanta arsenic-ka ku jirta (tusaale arsenite, realgar) ama qashinka dib loo warshadeeyay.
• dubay Oxidative(ikhtiyaar): Haddii alaabta ceeriin ay tahay arsenic sulfide (tusaale As₂S₃), waxay u baahan tahay in marka hore la dubayo si loogu beddelo As₂O₃ kacsan.

As2S3+9O2→As2O3+3SO2As2S3+9O2→Sida2O3+3SO2

2.Unug-distillation

• Qalabka: Quartz ama dhoobada weli (daxalka u adkaysta, heerkulka sare u adkaysta), ku qalabaysan tuubo kondenser ah iyo dhalada qaadata.
• Ilaalinta aan shaqaynaynNitrojiin ama kaarboon laba ogsaydh ayaa la keenaa si looga hortago oksaydhka arsenic ama khatarta qaraxa ( uumiga arsenic waa olol).

3.Habka kala saarista

• Xakamaynta heerkulka:
  • Arsenic sublimation: As₂O₃ sublimation at 500-600 °C (arsenic sublimation saafi ah oo ku saabsan 615 °C).
  • Kala saarida wasakhda: wasakhda yar ee karkarinaysa sida sulfur iyo selenium ayaa doorbidaya beddelka waxaana lagu kala saari karaa uumi qaybsan.
• Ururinta uumiga: Uumiga Arsenic wuxuu isku ururiyaa saafi-sare As₂O₃ ama arsenic elemental aagga uumiga (100-200°C).

4.Processing ka dib

• Dhimista(haddii arsenic elemental loo baahan yahay): Yaraynta As₂O₃ leh kaarboon ama hydrogen

As2O3+3H2→2As+3H2OAs2O3+3H2→2S+3H2O

• Faleefaynta faaruqintaSifeynta dheeraadka ah ee arsenic-ka curiyaha ah si meesha looga saaro wasakhda kacsan ee haraaga ah.

5.Ka taxadaritaan

• Ilaalinta suntaHabka oo dhan waa hawlgal xiran, oo lagu qalabeeyay ogaanshaha dheecaanka arsenic iyo qalabka daaweynta degdegga ah.
• Daaweynta gaaska dabadaUumiga ka dib, gaaska dabada wuxuu u baahan yahay in lagu nuugo xal lye (sida NaOH) ama adsorption kaarboon firfircoon si looga fogaado As₂O₃sii daayo
• Kaydinta birta arsenic: lagu keydiyo jawi aan firfircooneyn si looga hortago oksaydheynta ama qulqulka.

6. daahirnimoKobcinta

• Distillation-ka-badanDistillation soo noqnoqda waxay hagaajin kartaa nadiifnimada in ka badan 99.99%.
• Aag dhalaalaysa (ikhtiyaar): Sifaynta aagga ee arsenic elemental si loo sii yareeyo wasakhowga birta.

Goobaha codsiga

Arsenic-nadiifin sare leh ayaa loo adeegsadaa agabka semiconductor (tusaale GaAscrystals), waxyaabaha lagu daro daawaha, ama samaynta muraayadaha gaarka ah. PRosess waxay u baahan yihiin inay u hoggaansamaan xeerarka adag ee deegaanka si loo hubiyo badbaadada iyo qashin-qaadka waafaqsan.